A dictionary offers only minimal help in understanding what
Joyce may mean by referring in Calypso to "the loose
brass quoits" of the Blooms' bed. His usage appears to be
metaphorical, evoking some feature of the bedposts by
comparing them to the iron rings of a horseshoes-like game
played throughout the British Isles, often in pub settings.
But the suggestive aspects of the language give readers all
they need to know.
The game of quoits is ancient, probably having descended from
the sport of discus throwing. Players throw iron or steel
rings at spikes set in squares of moist clay. Like dinner
plates with the bottoms cut away, the rings are concave on one
side and convex on the other, helping them dig into the clay
when skillfully thrown. Points are scored by landing rings
close to the stake or encircling it.
Joyce evidently is using the iron rings to name some
similarly shaped structures on the brass bed that Molly's
father brought over the water from Gibraltar. One might
suppose by analogy that the "quoits" are rings encircling the
rods at the head and foot of the bed. Gifford pursues this
interpretation: "The quoits are the brass discs that decorate
the metal rods supporting the bedstead." But Victorian brass
beds do not seem ever to have had purely decorative elements
of this sort, and a sliding ring would not fit with Bloom's
reflection that the discs have worked loose and should be
secured: "Must get those settled really. Pity. All the
way from Gibraltar." The word, then, more likely
refers to washers that help secure the finials to the
bedposts, or perhaps to caps that are fitted to the tops of
the posts.
Although the text does not describe the shape or function of
the quoits, a reader might be forgiven for hearing lascivious
suggestions in the thought of concave rings encircling stiff
spikes. They seem to inhabit the same imagistic universe as a
horse named Sceptre aiming for the Gold Cup, or a "loud proud knocker"
announcing its presence in a welcoming doorway. This suspicion
is abundantly confirmed by the novel's treatment of the noise
that the quoits make. Calypso says simply that they "jingled,"
but in later chapters the jingling sound acquires a wealth of
sexual suggestions.
[2022: In a personal communication, Paulo Leite notes that
the sexually suggestive notes probably do not stop there.
Molly is a remarkably loose woman. Irrepressibly
self-confident, audacious people are often described as
brassy. And readers will learn later that Molly and
Boylan have made the quoits ring with their coitus.
Responding imaginatively to the phrase "loose brass quoits,"
then, can evoke Molly's sexual activity just as effectively as
any study of pub games can. Even on the level of pronoun
referents, Joyce has insinuated an equivalence between the
bed's rings and Molly's vagina. "Must get those
settled really. Pity. All the way from Gibraltar. Forgotten
any little Spanish she knew."]
Lovers of Shakespeare may perhaps note a resemblance between
Bloom's desire to get his wife's unruly organ "settled" and
Gratiano's declaration at the end of The Merchant of
Venice:
Well, while I live I'll fear no other thing
So sore, as keeping safe Nerissa's ring.
(5.1.306-7)
