Not least of the bewildering ways in which Proteus
plunges the reader into the waves of Stephen's thoughts, with
little connection to the dry land of plot, dialogue, and
action, is its refusal to translate his kaleidoscopic
multilingualism into English. Along with French and Italian, he thinks frequently in
the church language of Latin, where he has an impressive
command thanks to the rigorous Jesuit
education in which he excelled. This note glosses five easily
glossable phrases.
"Duces Tecum" is a legal phrase,
which Stephen thinks of in connection with the law-court work
that his uncle Richie is
doing at home. Literally
"Bring with you," it is a form of subpoena ("a writ")
requiring the person who is handed the summons to bring
certain documents or other forms of evidence into court.
"Terribilia meditans" means
"meditating on terrible things," which Stephen is doing as he
thinks of being "bayed about"
by a hostile dog. Commentators have been unable to locate any
precise allusion in the phrase, so Stephen probably has coined
it.
"Omnis caro ad te veniet" means
"All flesh will come to you." It recites Psalm 65:2
("O thou that hearest prayer, unto thee shall all flesh
come"). Thornton notes that it is chanted in the Introibo or Introit (the
priest's entrance chant) that begins the funeral mass. Stephen
is thinking about his mother's death as he mentally recites
this line, and it is reasonable to assume that he is
continuing to indulge his fantasy of God as a carnivorous killer. He
recalls the phrase again in Oxen of the Sun.
"Et vidit Deus. Et erant valde bona"
means "And God saw (them). And they were very good." It
paraphrases the Latin of the Vulgate in Genesis
1:31, "viditque Deus cuncta quae fecit et erant valde bona"
("and God saw the things that he had made, and they were very
good"). Stephen is remembering Kevin Egan's way of lying back
for a "sabbath sleep," i.e. a Sunday nap. The words from Genesis
describe the very first sabbath nap, after God's six busy days
of Creation. Stephen's whimsy in transforming Kevin Egan into
a god pleased with his handiwork seems friendly, and Egan's greeting is as well, as he
looks up from his nap to see that Stephen has arrived.
"Tripudium" means something like a "triple
beat" of feet on the ground. It is a Latin word for religious
dances, associated with solemn rejoicing. Stephen thinks of
some unspecified time in the past when his foot "beat
the ground in tripudium," and in Circe
his foot does so again.
Separate notes discuss the use of Latin in other passages of
Proteus that require more discussion: Aquinas'
concept of a "lex eterna,"
Ambrose's sentence "diebus ac noctibus iniurias
patiens ingemiscit," the Joachim-inspired
sentence "Descende, calve, ut ne
nimium devalveris," and the strange conflation of
Christ and Satan in "Lucifer,
dico, qui nescit occasum."
